.
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Roger Freeing Angelica: Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres, 1819, oil on canvas, 147 x 190 cm (Musée du Louvre, Paris)
Interwoven with the desire to know and the imagination of the mysterious attraction there was another theme. Defeat goes deeper into the human soul than victory. To be in someone else's power is an experience which induces doubts about the ordering of the universe, while those who have power can forget it, or assume that it is part of the natural order of things and invent or adopt ideas which justify their possession of it. Several kinds of justification were put forward in the Europe of the nineteenth century, and particularly in Britain and France, since those were the two countries mainly involved in rule over Arabs. Some were expressions in more secular language of attitudes which western Christians had long held toward Islam and Muslims since they were first faced with Muslim power: Islam was seen as a danger, both moral and military, to be opposed. Translated into secular terms, this provided both a justification for rule and a warning: the fear of a 'revolt of Islam', of a sudden movement among the unknown peoples whom they ruled, was present in the minds of British and French rulers. In the same way, memories of the Crusades could be used to justify expansion.
Roger Freeing Angelica: Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres, 1819, oil on canvas, 147 x 190 cm (Musée du Louvre, Paris)
The fear of a 'revolt of Islam'
Interwoven with the desire to know and the imagination of the mysterious attraction there was another theme. Defeat goes deeper into the human soul than victory. To be in someone else's power is an experience which induces doubts about the ordering of the universe, while those who have power can forget it, or assume that it is part of the natural order of things and invent or adopt ideas which justify their possession of it. Several kinds of justification were put forward in the Europe of the nineteenth century, and particularly in Britain and France, since those were the two countries mainly involved in rule over Arabs. Some were expressions in more secular language of attitudes which western Christians had long held toward Islam and Muslims since they were first faced with Muslim power: Islam was seen as a danger, both moral and military, to be opposed. Translated into secular terms, this provided both a justification for rule and a warning: the fear of a 'revolt of Islam', of a sudden movement among the unknown peoples whom they ruled, was present in the minds of British and French rulers. In the same way, memories of the Crusades could be used to justify expansion.
Albert Hourani: from A History of the Arab Peoples, 1991
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Conquest of Zara: Tintoretto, 1584, oil on canvas (Palazzo Ducale, Venice)
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Rupert Murdoch used Twitter to convey his thoughts on the ongoing terror alert in France: photo by Jason Reed/Reuters via The Guardian, 10 January 2015
![Rupert Murdoch used Twitter to convey his thoughts on the ongoing terror alert in France.]()
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'It is a curious fact that Murdoch holds no fear for ordinary people. But among those who play the power game, certainly, beneath the courtesy and the conversation, there is a quiet fear.': photo by William West/AFP via The Guardian, 25 July 2014
![Le Monde online states that this photograph is of Hayat Boumeddiene in 2010.]()
Le Monde online states that this photograph is of Hayat Boumeddiene in 2010: photo via Le Monde / The Guardian, 10 January 2015
![Le Monde online states that this photograph was taken of Hayat Boumeddiene in 2010.]()
Le Monde online states that this photograph of Hayat Boumeddiene was taken in 2010: photo via Le Monde / The Guardian, 10 January 2015
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Police special forces advance on a ring road near the scene: photo by Youssef Boudlal/Reuters via The Guardian, 9 January 2015
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Police at Porte de Vincennes: photo by Dan Kitwood via The Guardian, 9 January 2015
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People are led away from the scene: photo by Dan Kitwood via The Guardian, 9 January 2015
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Hostages from the Hyper Cacher are led away by French police officers: photo by Vantagenews uk via The Guardian, 9 January 2015
An elderly man from Yarmouk camp was found unconscious as a result of lack of food & medicine. #Palestine #Syria: image via Palestine Social @PalestineSocial, 11 January 2015
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Crusaders: French Romanesque Painter, 12th century, mural, Chapel of the Templars, Cressac
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The Holy Warriors George, Theodore, and Demetrius: Unknown Greek Icon Painter, c. 1100, tempera on chestnut panel, 29 x 36 cm (The Hermitage, St. Petersburg)
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World Chronicle Charlemagne: German Miniaturist, c. 1310, manuscript (Ms. germ. 623), 275 x 175 mm (Staatsbibliothek, Berlin)
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The Morgan Crusader's Bible: French Miniaturist, c. 1250, manuscript (M. 638), 390 x 295 mm (The Morgan Library and Museum, New York)
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The Morgan Crusader's Bible: French Miniaturist, c. 1250, manuscript (M. 638), 390 x 295 mm (The Morgan Library and Museum, New York)
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Melisende Psalter: Western Miniaturist, 1131-43, manuscript (Egerton MS 1139), 216 x 140 mm (British Library, London)
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Constantine's Victory over Maxentius: Piero della Francesca, 1452-66, fresco, 322 x 764 cm, San Francesco, Arezzo
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The Battle of Ostia: Rafaello Sanzio,1514-15, fresco, width at base 770 cm, Stanza dell'Incendio di Borgo, Palazzi Pontifici, Vatican
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Battle of Salvore: Domenico Robusti, 1605, oil on canvas (Palazzo Ducale, Venice)
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Doge Nicolò da Ponte Receiving a Laurel Crown from Venice: Tintoretto, 1584, oil on canvas (Palazzo Ducale, Venice)
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Reconquest of Padua by Andrea Gritti: Palma Giovane,1584, oil on canvas (Palazzo Ducale, Venice)
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Crusaders Departing from the Castle of Wuflens, near the Lake of Geneva: Lancelot-Théodore Turpin de Crissé, 1816, oil on canvas, 47 x 38 cm (Private collection)
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Tancred and Erminia: Nicolas Poussin, c. 1634, oil on canvas, 75 x 100 cm (Barber Institute of Fine Arts, Birmingham)
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Tancred Baptizing Clorinda: Domenico Robusti, c. 1585, oil on canvas, 168 x 115 cm (Museum of Fine Arts, Houston)
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Burning of the Heretics (Auto-da-fé): Pedro Berruguete, c. 1500, oil on panel, 154 x 92 cm (Museo del Prado, Madrid)
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Conquest of Zara: Tintoretto, 1584, oil on canvas (Palazzo Ducale, Venice)
Crusaders Conquer the City of Zara: Andrea Vicentino, 1580s, oil on canvas (Palazzo Ducale, Venice)
The White Knight
Rupert Murdoch used Twitter to convey his thoughts on the ongoing terror alert in France: photo by Jason Reed/Reuters via The Guardian, 10 January 2015
Murdoch says Muslims must be held responsible for France terror attacks: News Corp boss tweets to say even peaceful Muslims must bear burden of deadly Charlie Hebdo death toll ‘until they destroy growing jihadist cancer’: The Guardian, 10 January 2015
Rupert Murdoch has been strongly criticised after tweeting that “most Moslems” -– even if peaceful -– must be held responsible for the religion’s “growing jihadist cancer” in the wake of the terror attacks in France.
The News Corp boss added his influential voice to the global discussion on terror that has convulsed social media since gunmen slaughtered 12 people at the offices of the satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo in Paris on Wednesday.
Murdoch’s tweet on Saturday morning -– which came in the wake of the killing of five more civilians at a kosher supermarket in Paris on Friday -– was retweeted more than 1,500 times, and favourited by more than 767 people.
But the tweet angered many who criticised Murdoch for holding a religion of billions of peaceful people responsible for the actions of a minority of extremists.
One Twitter user referenced Murdoch’s own responsibility in the case of the News Corp phone-hacking scandal, while the Australian comedian Adam Hills was sceptical about the media mogul’s contribution to the debate.
Murdoch followed up his earlier tweet by claiming that “political correctness makes for denial and hypocrisy”.
'It is a curious fact that Murdoch holds no fear for ordinary people. But among those who play the power game, certainly, beneath the courtesy and the conversation, there is a quiet fear.': photo by William West/AFP via The Guardian, 25 July 2014
Big jihadist danger looming everywhere from Philippines to Africa to Europe to US. Political correctness makes for denial and hypocrisy: Rupert Murdoch via Rupert Murdoch @rupert murdoch, 9 January 2015
Maybe most Moslems peaceful, but until they recognize and destroy their growing jihadist cancer they must be held responsible: Rupert Murdoch via Rupert Murdoch @rupert murdoch, 9 January 2015
Le Monde online states that this photograph is of Hayat Boumeddiene in 2010: photo via Le Monde / The Guardian, 10 January 2015
Le Monde online states that this photograph of Hayat Boumeddiene was taken in 2010: photo via Le Monde / The Guardian, 10 January 2015
The Dark Knights
Police special forces advance on a ring road near the scene: photo by Youssef Boudlal/Reuters via The Guardian, 9 January 2015
Police at Porte de Vincennes: photo by Dan Kitwood via The Guardian, 9 January 2015
People are led away from the scene: photo by Dan Kitwood via The Guardian, 9 January 2015
Hostages from the Hyper Cacher are led away by French police officers: photo by Vantagenews uk via The Guardian, 9 January 2015
This can't be Charlie
An elderly man from Yarmouk camp was found unconscious as a result of lack of food & medicine. #Palestine #Syria: image via Palestine Social @PalestineSocial, 11 January 2015
Les amis de Charlie
Crusaders: French Romanesque Painter, 12th century, mural, Chapel of the Templars, Cressac
The Holy Warriors George, Theodore, and Demetrius: Unknown Greek Icon Painter, c. 1100, tempera on chestnut panel, 29 x 36 cm (The Hermitage, St. Petersburg)
World Chronicle Charlemagne: German Miniaturist, c. 1310, manuscript (Ms. germ. 623), 275 x 175 mm (Staatsbibliothek, Berlin)
The Morgan Crusader's Bible: French Miniaturist, c. 1250, manuscript (M. 638), 390 x 295 mm (The Morgan Library and Museum, New York)
The Morgan Crusader's Bible: French Miniaturist, c. 1250, manuscript (M. 638), 390 x 295 mm (The Morgan Library and Museum, New York)
Melisende Psalter: Western Miniaturist, 1131-43, manuscript (Egerton MS 1139), 216 x 140 mm (British Library, London)
Constantine's Victory over Maxentius: Piero della Francesca, 1452-66, fresco, 322 x 764 cm, San Francesco, Arezzo
The Battle of Ostia: Rafaello Sanzio,1514-15, fresco, width at base 770 cm, Stanza dell'Incendio di Borgo, Palazzi Pontifici, Vatican
Battle of Salvore: Domenico Robusti, 1605, oil on canvas (Palazzo Ducale, Venice)
Doge Nicolò da Ponte Receiving a Laurel Crown from Venice: Tintoretto, 1584, oil on canvas (Palazzo Ducale, Venice)
Reconquest of Padua by Andrea Gritti: Palma Giovane,1584, oil on canvas (Palazzo Ducale, Venice)
Crusaders Departing from the Castle of Wuflens, near the Lake of Geneva: Lancelot-Théodore Turpin de Crissé, 1816, oil on canvas, 47 x 38 cm (Private collection)
Tancred and Erminia: Nicolas Poussin, c. 1634, oil on canvas, 75 x 100 cm (Barber Institute of Fine Arts, Birmingham)
Tancred Baptizing Clorinda: Domenico Robusti, c. 1585, oil on canvas, 168 x 115 cm (Museum of Fine Arts, Houston)
The Entry of the Crusaders into Constantinople: Eugène Delacroix, 1840, oil on canvas, 410 x 498 cm (Musée du Louvre, Paris)
Burning of the Heretics (Auto-da-fé): Pedro Berruguete, c. 1500, oil on panel, 154 x 92 cm (Museo del Prado, Madrid)
Mohammed and the Monk Sergius: Lucas van Leyden, 1508, engraving, 289 x 216 mm (Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco, San Francisco)
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Paumgartner Altar (right wing): Albrecht Dürer, c. 1503, oil on lime panel, 151 x 61 cm (Alte Pinakothek, Munich)
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The Martyrdom of St Maurice: El Greco, 1580-81, oil on canvas, 448 x 301 cm (Chapter House, Monasterio de San Lorenzo, El Escorial)
“hundreds of millions" of bad apples -- in one orchard 
Paumgartner Altar (right wing): Albrecht Dürer, c. 1503, oil on lime panel, 151 x 61 cm (Alte Pinakothek, Munich)
The Martyrdom of St Maurice: El Greco, 1580-81, oil on canvas, 448 x 301 cm (Chapter House, Monasterio de San Lorenzo, El Escorial)
This map shows every attack on #French #Muslims since #CharlieHebdo #Islamophobia: image via M. Bil4l Kenasari @MBilalKenasari, 10 January 2015
In the US, outspoken satirist Bill Maher hosted the 13th season premiere of his HBO talk show Real Time with Bill Maher on Friday night. Flanked by political commentator Paul Begala, former Hewlett-Packard CEO Carly Fiorina, and author and activist Salman Rushdie, Maher claimed “hundreds of millions of [Muslims] support an attack like [Charlie Hebdo].”
“What we’ve said all along, and have been called bigots for it, is when there’s this many bad apples, there’s something wrong with the orchard,” Maher said.
Murdoch says Muslims must be held responsible for France terror attacks: News Corp boss tweets to say even peaceful Muslims must bear burden of deadly Charlie Hebdo death toll ‘until they destroy growing jihadist cancer’: The Guardian, 10 January 2015
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In Lebanon, a Syrian girl stands behind a door at a refugee camp in the village of Ketermaya. A storm raged across the Middle East this week raising concerns for Syrian refugees facing freezing temperatures in makeshift shelters: photo by Ali Hashisho/Reuters via the Guardian, 10 January 2015
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Palestinian children look out through holes in a sheet at their family’s house, which witnesses said was damaged by Israeli shelling during the 50-day war last summer. Since the war, thousands are still living in UN shelters and damaged homes and power is on for only six hours a day.: photo by Mohammed Salem/Reutersvia The Guardian, 10 January 2015
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Afghan refugee children gather their goats in heavy fog on the outskirts of Islamabad, Pakistan: photo byJean-Philippe Ksiazek/AFP via The Guardian, 10 January 2015
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Hundreds of Muslims attend Friday prayers during the first day of the three-day long Muslim congregation at Tongi, Dhaka, Bangladesh: photo by Abir Abdullah/EPA via The Guardian, 10 January 2015
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Fear spread after the country’s bloodiest attack in half a century. In Villefranche-sur-Saône, forensic police officers scour the scene at a kebab shop damaged following an explosion near a mosque: photo byJean-Philippe Ksiazek/AFP via The Guardian, 10 January 2015
#McCoyTyner, #PharaohSanders, #JohnColtrane and producer Bob Thiele: image via Leticia Garcia @Ms_Golightly, 3 June 2014
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![Pharoah Sanders Quartet: New York, March 20, 2012]( "Pharoah Sanders Quartet: New York, March 20, 2012")
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Members of the media are hit with snow from gusts of wind caused by the landing of Marine One on the South Lawn of the White House in Washington: photo byPablo Martinez Monsivais/AP via The Guardian, 7 January 2015
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Gaza: Ibrahim Abu Shabab, 24, stills lives in a makeshift shelter built from rubble of his family’s house after it was damaged in last summer’s war with Israel: photo by Adel Hana/AP via The Guardian, 7 January 2015
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Bekaa valley, Lebanon. Syrians prepare to remove the snow from the top of their tents at a refugee camp in Deir Zannoun village. While the storm disrupted life for everyone, it proved particularly trying for the hundreds of thousands of refugees who live in tents and makeshift shelters: photo by Hussein Malla/AP via The Guardian, 7 January 2015
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Sana’a, Yemen. A medic with blood on his clothes stands at the scene of a car bomb attack outside the police college in the capital: photo by Mohamed Al-sayaghi/Reuters via The Guardian, 7 January 2015
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Dhaka, Bangladesh. Hundreds of Muslims gather as they attend the Friday prayer in the congregration ground during the first day of the three-day long Muslim Congregation at Tongi: photo by Abir Abdullah/EPA via The Guardian, 10 January 2015
Dear followers of #Islam #CharlieHebdo: image via SecureOur order @yobynnad1127, 9 January 2015
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Horrendous oppression #Islam: While entering and leaving the mosque #Uyghurs are supposed to show their ‘mosque cards’: image via Voice of Uyghurs @VoiceUyghur, 6 January 2015
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Horrendous oppression #Islam: While entering and leaving the mosque #Uyghurs are supposed to show their ‘mosque cards’: image via Voice of Uyghurs @VoiceUyghur, 6 January 2015
Love the story of Prophet Mohammad & the spider web. It inspired an incident in #ConfessionsOfAWarChildSahara #Islam: image via Chaker Khazaal @Chaker Khazaal, 6 January 2015
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Hands Up I'm Not Charlie
In Lebanon, a Syrian girl stands behind a door at a refugee camp in the village of Ketermaya. A storm raged across the Middle East this week raising concerns for Syrian refugees facing freezing temperatures in makeshift shelters: photo by Ali Hashisho/Reuters via the Guardian, 10 January 2015
Palestinian children look out through holes in a sheet at their family’s house, which witnesses said was damaged by Israeli shelling during the 50-day war last summer. Since the war, thousands are still living in UN shelters and damaged homes and power is on for only six hours a day.: photo by Mohammed Salem/Reutersvia The Guardian, 10 January 2015
Afghan refugee children gather their goats in heavy fog on the outskirts of Islamabad, Pakistan: photo byJean-Philippe Ksiazek/AFP via The Guardian, 10 January 2015
Hundreds of Muslims attend Friday prayers during the first day of the three-day long Muslim congregation at Tongi, Dhaka, Bangladesh: photo by Abir Abdullah/EPA via The Guardian, 10 January 2015
Fear spread after the country’s bloodiest attack in half a century. In Villefranche-sur-Saône, forensic police officers scour the scene at a kebab shop damaged following an explosion near a mosque: photo byJean-Philippe Ksiazek/AFP via The Guardian, 10 January 2015
Pharaoh is in the house
#McCoyTyner, #PharaohSanders, #JohnColtrane and producer Bob Thiele: image via Leticia Garcia @Ms_Golightly, 3 June 2014
Living #jazz legend #pharaohsanders on the #yoshis #oakland @yosjisSF_OAK stage!: image via The Z List @ThisIsTheZList, 3 January 2014
#PharaohSanders, #JohnColtrane, #AliceColtrane, #JimmyGarrison and #RashiedAli outside the Village Vanguard, 1966: image via Leticia Garcia @Ms_Golightly, 3 June 2014
Pharoah Sanders Grammy Award-winning US #jazz #saxophonist turns 74 today: image via Music Valley Inc. @musicvalley, 13 October 2014
#PharaohSanders & #JohnColtrane Ascension session, June 1965. Photo by #ChuckStewart: image via Leticia Garcia @Ms_Golightly, 6 September 2014
"@jazzdotorg: Happy 74th Birthday to the great #PharaohSanders #jazz: Continued blessings to you!: image via olive oak @oakolive, 13 October 2014
Pharaoh Sanders and group at Birdland: photo by Herb Scher via All About jazz, 2 April 2012
Blown Away in a Storm of Charlies
Members of the media are hit with snow from gusts of wind caused by the landing of Marine One on the South Lawn of the White House in Washington: photo byPablo Martinez Monsivais/AP via The Guardian, 7 January 2015
Gaza: Ibrahim Abu Shabab, 24, stills lives in a makeshift shelter built from rubble of his family’s house after it was damaged in last summer’s war with Israel: photo by Adel Hana/AP via The Guardian, 7 January 2015
Bekaa valley, Lebanon. Syrians prepare to remove the snow from the top of their tents at a refugee camp in Deir Zannoun village. While the storm disrupted life for everyone, it proved particularly trying for the hundreds of thousands of refugees who live in tents and makeshift shelters: photo by Hussein Malla/AP via The Guardian, 7 January 2015
Sana’a, Yemen. A medic with blood on his clothes stands at the scene of a car bomb attack outside the police college in the capital: photo by Mohamed Al-sayaghi/Reuters via The Guardian, 7 January 2015
Dhaka, Bangladesh. Hundreds of Muslims gather as they attend the Friday prayer in the congregration ground during the first day of the three-day long Muslim Congregation at Tongi: photo by Abir Abdullah/EPA via The Guardian, 10 January 2015
Charlie is not in the house
Dear followers of #Islam #CharlieHebdo: image via SecureOur order @yobynnad1127, 9 January 2015
Horrendous oppression #Islam: While entering and leaving the mosque #Uyghurs are supposed to show their ‘mosque cards’: image via Voice of Uyghurs @VoiceUyghur, 6 January 2015
Horrendous oppression #Islam: While entering and leaving the mosque #Uyghurs are supposed to show their ‘mosque cards’: image via Voice of Uyghurs @VoiceUyghur, 6 January 2015
Love the story of Prophet Mohammad & the spider web. It inspired an incident in #ConfessionsOfAWarChildSahara #Islam: image via Chaker Khazaal @Chaker Khazaal, 6 January 2015
Capture of Damiate: Cornelis Claesz van Wieringen, c. 1625, oil on canvas, 101 x 230 cm (Frans Halsmuseum, Haarlem)